Wellness
Build Your Immune System

Physical Wellness

The Innate Immune System: Your First Line of Defense

 When Covid hit, people with a strong immune system either didn’t have the disease or they had a very light case. That’s because the immune system is an intricate network that defends the body from illness and disease. This immune system is divided into two main parts: the innate immune system and the adaptive immune system. The innate immune system serves as your body’s first line of defense, performing two primary functions: creating a barrier against external threats and identifying and eliminating pathogens that manage to break through.

The barrier function is prominently executed by the skin, which acts as a multi-layered shield. It is supported by sebaceous glands that produce an inhospitable environment for microbes and can physically remove bacteria as skin cells naturally shed. Further assisting in the defense are hair, eyelashes, sweat, and tears. Sebum, the oil secreted by hair follicles, hinders microbial growth, while sweat and tears help wash away invaders. Additionally, the mouth and nose house their own protective mechanisms. Saliva contains antibacterial and antiviral compounds. Meanwhile, the respiratory system has cilia—tiny hair-like structures that expel potential threats through rhythmic movements.

If pathogens bypass these initial barriers, white blood cells, also known as leukocytes, step in. They make up just 1% of blood cells but are powerful defenders. They travel through the body, multiplying and signaling other cells when they detect invaders, ultimately initiating an attack to eliminate the threat.


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